While facing a potential new military operation by the Turkish Armed Forces and the Syrian National Army (SNA) in northern Syria, the general commander of the YPG-dominated Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) stated in his interview with Asharq al-Awsat: “We are…

Executive Summary During the first half of 2022, 358 projects were implemented in Northeast Syria region. The water and sanitation sector topped the list with 148 projects, followed by transportation 77 projects, electricity 51 projects, social services 34 projects, trade…

Executive Summary([1]) Ömer Özkızılcık 19.09.2022 The US announced a sanction exemption for twelve economic areas in specific territories of Syria controlled by the YPG and the areas controlled by the Syrian Interim Government – except Afrin. Within the same time…

Executive Summary([1]) During the monitoring period, 812 projects and activities were implemented northern Syria’s opposition-held areas. Those areas include the northern and eastern countryside of Aleppo and Idlib. This marks a 77% increase or 355 additional projects. The economic development…

I. Introduction Both Turkey and Russia agreed to a ceasefire in Idlib starting at midnight on March 5th,2020. At the time, both sides saw this agreement as representing the least worst case scenario to preserve its interests on the ground…